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Effects of manufactured nanomaterials on algae: Implications and applications

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 9, doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1554-3

Abstract:

● Summary of positive and negative effects of MNMs on algae.

Keywords： Manufactured nanomaterials     Algae     Mechanisms     Effects     Implications     Applications    

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Environmental applications and implications of nanotechnologies

Dongye ZHAO,Shubo DENG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 5,   Pages 745-745 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0810-1

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Human pangenome: far-reaching implications in precision medicine

Frontiers of Medicine doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1039-1

Abstract: Human pangenome: far-reaching implications in precision medicine
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A potential solution for food security in Kenya: implications of the Quzhou model in China

Xiaoqiang JIAO, Jianbo SHEN, Fusuo ZHANG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 406-417 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020359

Abstract: Increasing soil fertility for crop productivity in China has implications for food security in Kenya.

Keywords： China     grain production     Kenya     soil fertility    

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Achievements, challenges and global implications of China’s carbon neutral pledge

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 8, doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1532-9

Abstract: China has been committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. China’s pledge of carbon neutrality will play an essential role in galvanising global climate action, which has been largely deferred by the Covid-19 pandemic. China’s carbon neutrality could reduce global warming by approximately 0.2–0.3 °C and save around 1.8 million people from premature death due to air pollution. Along with domestic benefits, China’s pledge of carbon neutrality is a “game-changer” for global climate action and can inspire other large carbon emitters to contribute actively to mitigate carbon emissions, particularly countries along the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) routes. In order to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, it is necessary to decarbonise all sectors in China, including energy, industry, transportation, construction, and agriculture. However, this transition will be very challenging, because major technological breakthroughs and large-scale investments are required. Strong policies and implementation plans are essential, including sustainable demand, decarbonizing electricity, electrification, fuel switching, and negative emissions. In particular, if China can peak carbon emissions earlier, it can lower the costs of the carbon neutral transition and make it easier to do so over a longer time horizon. China’s pledge of carbon neutrality by 2060 and recent pledges at the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26) are significant contributions and critical steps for global climate action. However, countries worldwide need to achieve carbon neutrality to keep the global temperature from growing beyond the level that will cause catastrophic damages globally.

Keywords： Carbon neutrality     Carbon peak     Renewable energy     Negative emission     Carbon capture     Utilisation and storage     Nature-based solution    

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Gut microbiota and its implications in small bowel transplantation

Chenyang Wang, Qiurong Li, Jieshou Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 239-248 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0617-0

Abstract:

The gut microbiota is mainly composed of a diverse population of commensal bacterial species and plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, immune modulation and metabolism. The influence of the gut microbiota on solid organ transplantation has recently been recognized. In fact, several studies indicated that acute and chronic allograft rejection in small bowel transplantation (SBT) is closely associated with the alterations in microbial patterns in the gut. In this review, we focused on the recent findings regarding alterations in the microbiota following SBT and the potential roles of these alterations in the development of acute and chronic allograft rejection. We also reviewed important advances with respect to the interplays between the microbiota and host immune systems in SBT. Furthermore, we explored the potential of the gut microbiota as a microbial marker and/or therapeutic target for the predication and intervention of allograft rejection and chronic dysfunction. Given that current research on the gut microbiota has become increasingly sophisticated and comprehensive, large cohort studies employing metagenomic analysis and multivariate linkage should be designed for the characterization of host–microbe interaction and causality between microbiota alterations and clinical outcomes in SBT. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights into the role of gut microbiota in the development of allograft rejection and other transplant-related complications and introduce novel therapeutic targets and treatment approaches in clinical practice.

Keywords： gut microbiota     small bowel transplantation     acute rejection     chronic rejection     mucosal immunity     biomarker     microbiota-targeted therapy    

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The implications of planting mode on cadmium uptake and remobilization in rice: Field experiments across

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1431-5

Abstract:

•Direct seeding (DS) method led to more distributed Cd in aerial parts of rice.

Keywords： Cadmium     Genotypes     Growth stages     Micro X-ray fluorescence     Planting mode    

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Ultramicrostructure and clinical implications of satellite foci in front of the head of pterygium

LIU Haixia, XIANG Nan, ZHOU Xiongwu, HU Weikun, LI Guigang, ZHANG Hong

Frontiers of Medicine 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 211-214 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0040-4

Abstract: This research was designed to investigate the ultramicrostructure and clinical implications of these
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Energy transition toward carbon-neutrality in China: Pathways, implications and uncertainties

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2023, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 358-372 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0202-8

Abstract: Achieving carbon neutrality in China before 2060 requires a radical energy transition. To identify the possible transition pathways of China’s energy system, this study presents a scenario-based assessment using the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) model. China could peak the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions before 2030 with current policies, while carbon neutrality entails a reduction of 7.8 Gt CO2 in emissions in 2060 and requires an energy system overhaul. The assessment of the relationship between the energy transition and energy return on investment (EROI) reveals that energy transition may decrease the EROI, which would trigger increased energy investment, energy demand, and emissions. Uncertainty analysis further shows that the slow renewable energy integration policies and carbon capture and storage (CCS) penetration pace could hinder the emission mitigation, and the possible fossil fuel shortage calls for a much rapid proliferation of wind and solar power. Results suggest a continuation of the current preferential policies for renewables and further research and development on deployment of CCS. The results also indicate the need for backup capacities to enhance the energy security during the transition.

Keywords： carbon neutrality     energy transition     uncertainty     EROI     LEAP    

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A ternary mechanism for the facilitated transfer of metal ions onto metal–organic frameworks: implications

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering   Pages 1632-1642 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2187-6

Abstract: Although metal–organic frameworks offer a new platform for developing versatile sorption materials, yet coordinating the functionality, structure and component of these materials remains a great challenge. It depends on a comprehensive knowledge of a “real sorption mechanism”. Herein, a ternary mechanism for U(VI) uptake in metal–organic frameworks was reported. Analogous MIL-100s (Al, Fe, Cr) were prepared and studied for their ability to sequestrate U(VI) from aqueous solutions. As a result, MIL-100(Al) performed the best among the tested materials, and MIL-100(Cr) performed the worst. The nuclear magnetic resonance technique combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and zeta potential measurement reveal that U(VI) uptake in the three metal–organic frameworks involves different mechanisms. Specifically, hydrated uranyl ions form outer-sphere complexes in the surface of MIL-100s (Al, Fe) by exchanging with hydrogen ions of terminal hydroxyl groups (Al-OH2, Fe-OH2), and/or, hydrated uranyl ions are bound directly to Al(III) center in MIL-100(Al) through a strong inner-sphere coordination. For MIL-100(Cr), however, the U(VI) uptake is attributed to electrostatic attraction. Besides, the sorption mechanism is also pH and ionic strength dependent. The present study suggests that changing metal center of metal–organic frameworks and sorption conditions alters sorption mechanism, which helps to construct effective metal–organic frameworks-based sorbents for water purification.

Keywords： U(VI)     metal–organic frameworks     adsorption mechanism     metal node    

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Physiological functions and clinical implications of the N-end rule pathway

Yujiao Liu,Chao Liu,Wen Dong,Wei Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2016, Volume 10, Issue 3,   Pages 258-270 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0458-7

Abstract:

The N-end rule pathway is a unique branch of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in which the determination of a protein’s half-life is dependent on its N-terminal residue. The N-terminal residue serves as the degradation signal of a protein and thus called N-degron. N-degron can be recognized and modifed by several steps of post-translational modifications, such as oxidation, deamination, arginylation or acetylation, it then polyubiquitinated by the N-recognin for degradation. The molecular basis of the N-end rule pathway has been elucidated and its physiological functions have been revealed in the past 30 years. This pathway is involved in several biological aspects, including transcription, differentiation, chromosomal segregation, genome stability, apoptosis, mitochondrial quality control, cardiovascular development, neurogenesis, carcinogenesis, and spermatogenesis. Disturbance of this pathway often causes the failure of these processes, resulting in some human diseases. This review summarized the physiological functions of the N-end rule pathway, introduced the related biological processes and diseases, with an emphasis on the inner link between this pathway and certain symptoms.

Keywords： N-end rule pathway     Ate1     cardiovascular development     neurogenesis     spermatogenesis     neurodegenerative disorders     Johanson–Blizzard syndrome    

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Cutting CO emissions through demand side regulation: Implications from multi-regional input–output linear

Frontiers of Engineering Management   Pages 452-461 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0209-1

Abstract: This study combines multi-regional input–output (MRIO) model with linear programming (LP) model to explore economic structure adjustment strategies for the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. A particular feature of this study is the identification of the optimal regulation sequence of final products in various regions to reduce CO2 emissions with the minimum loss in gross domestic product (GDP). By using China’s MRIO tables 2017 with 28 regions and 42 economic sectors, results show that reduction in final demand leads to simultaneous reductions in GDP and CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, certain demand side regulation strategy can be adopted to lower CO2 emissions at the smallest loss of economic growth. Several key final products, such as metallurgy, nonmetal, metal, and chemical products, should first be regulated to reduce CO2 emissions at the minimum loss in GDP. Most of these key products concentrate in the coastal developed regions in China. The proposed MRIO–LP model considers the inter-relationship among various sectors and regions, and can aid policy makers in designing effective policy for industrial structure adjustment at the regional level to achieve the national environmental and economic targets.

Keywords： CO2 emissions     demand side regulation     multi-regional input–output model     linear programming model    

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Cultural differences define diagnosis and genomic medicine practice: implications for undiagnosed diseases

Xiaohong Duan, Thomas Markello, David Adams, Camilo Toro, Cynthia Tifft, William A. Gahl, Cornelius F. Boerkoel

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 389-394 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0281-3

Abstract:

Despite the current acceleration and increasing leadership of Chinese genetics research, genetics and its clinical application have largely been imported to China from the Occident. Neither genetics nor the scientific reductionism underpinning its clinical application is integral to the traditional Chinese worldview. Given that disease concepts and their incumbent diagnoses are historically derived and culturally meaningful, we hypothesize that the cultural expectations of genetic diagnoses and medical genetics practice differ between the Occident and China. Specifically, we suggest that an undiagnosed diseases program in China will differ from the recently established Undiagnosed Diseases Program at the United States National Institutes of Health; a culturally sensitive concept will integrate traditional Chinese understanding of disease with the scientific reductionism of Occidental medicine.

Keywords： genetics     cultural differences     undiagnosed diseases program    

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Implications of static

John NSOR-ATINDANA, Maoshen CHEN, Liu WEI, Khin Myat NOE, Yue LI, Fang ZHONG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 340-350 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018209

Abstract:

Interest in understanding the digestion behavior of starch in the presence of dietary fibers is growing due to the ability of dietary component to control the release and absorption of glucose. This presents an outstanding opportunity to improve the quality of food products by incorporating dietary fiber into starchy food products. The physicochemical properties of different fibers and their behavior in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) differ. To test the efficacy of these different fibers on starch digestion, static in vitro digestion models under conditions that mimic the human GIT are frequently used. Indeed, many efforts have been committed to the development of various static in vitro protocols for starch digestion. Though not considered as the gold standard in digestibility studies in food science and technology, static simulated models provide a useful alternative to in vivo techniques for rapid screening of the digestibility of food products under conditions that simulate the human GIT. This review presents the current status and development of digestion techniques for simulating digestion conditions in the human GIT, with particular interest on starch digestion in the presence of dietary fiber in the three phases of digestions including the oral, gastric and the intestinal steps. This summary can benefit investigators in developing static in vitro digestion models designed to simulate starch digestion with relevant values of the quantifiable parameters, including pH, enzymes and simulated digestive fluids.

Keywords： dietary fiber     in vitro digestion     nutrition     simulation     starch    

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CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL QUALITY ATTRIBUTES UNDER DIFFERENT AGROECOSYSTEMS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURE

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023502

Abstract:

● Soil properties varied within coefficients of variation ranging from 7% to 169%.

Keywords： agroecosystem     Choke Mountain watershed     coefficients of variation     Ethiopia     soil quality indicator    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Effects of manufactured nanomaterials on algae: Implications and applications

Journal Article

Environmental applications and implications of nanotechnologies

Dongye ZHAO,Shubo DENG

Journal Article

Human pangenome: far-reaching implications in precision medicine

Journal Article

A potential solution for food security in Kenya: implications of the Quzhou model in China

Xiaoqiang JIAO, Jianbo SHEN, Fusuo ZHANG

Journal Article

Achievements, challenges and global implications of China’s carbon neutral pledge

Journal Article

Gut microbiota and its implications in small bowel transplantation

Chenyang Wang, Qiurong Li, Jieshou Li

Journal Article

The implications of planting mode on cadmium uptake and remobilization in rice: Field experiments across

Journal Article

Ultramicrostructure and clinical implications of satellite foci in front of the head of pterygium

LIU Haixia, XIANG Nan, ZHOU Xiongwu, HU Weikun, LI Guigang, ZHANG Hong

Journal Article

Energy transition toward carbon-neutrality in China: Pathways, implications and uncertainties

Journal Article

A ternary mechanism for the facilitated transfer of metal ions onto metal–organic frameworks: implications

Journal Article

Physiological functions and clinical implications of the N-end rule pathway

Yujiao Liu,Chao Liu,Wen Dong,Wei Li

Journal Article

Cutting CO emissions through demand side regulation: Implications from multi-regional input–output linear

Journal Article

Cultural differences define diagnosis and genomic medicine practice: implications for undiagnosed diseases

Xiaohong Duan, Thomas Markello, David Adams, Camilo Toro, Cynthia Tifft, William A. Gahl, Cornelius F. Boerkoel

Journal Article

Implications of static

John NSOR-ATINDANA, Maoshen CHEN, Liu WEI, Khin Myat NOE, Yue LI, Fang ZHONG

Journal Article

CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL QUALITY ATTRIBUTES UNDER DIFFERENT AGROECOSYSTEMS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURE

Journal Article